The most common type of ball bearing, a deep groove ball bearing has the inner and outer raceways flanked by large, deep shoulders. Put another way, the raceways are cut deep into the inner and outer races, with the balls potentially riding on a large proportion of the raceway.

Deep groove ball bearings are designed for conditions where the bearing may experience a combination of radial loads or side thrust loads from either direction.

A reference standard. Also known as Vickers Hardness.

A measurement of the indentation created in a material when a standardized 136-degree-angle pyramid-shaped diamond stylus is applied under a specific pressure.

Material fracture failure which is characterized by "tearing" of the metal, associated with extensive plastic deformation. Contrast with brittle fracture.

The property of a material that determines its capacity for plastic deformation without fracturing. Ductility is most often measured by performing a tensile test and measuring the elongation or reduction of an area.

Government-dictated cost penalties levied on products, applied at the port of exit or entry. May be assigned by product, by value, by weight, by size, or by quantity. Duties are usually levied against specific products from specific countries or groups of countries, and can even vary from one manufacturer to another. Also known as Tariffs.

Tariffs are levied by governments in order to raise the cost and/or selling price of specific products or groups of products. They are normally enacted by the importing country to protect local producers of those items. But they may also be applied by the country of origin in order to discourage production and/or export of particular goods.
Because the funds collected generally flow directly to the government treasury, duties sometimes exist solely to raise government revenue or inhibit consumption.
One result of the WTO's Uruguay Round was countries’ commitments to cut tariffs and to 'bind' their customs duty rates to levels which are difficult to raise. Tariff negotiations have continued under the WTO's Doha Agenda.

A reference standard. Also known as Load Rating.

For most ball and roller bearings, the standard definition of dynamic operating capacity is: the maximum load a bearing can carry for 1 million inner-race revolutions with a 90% assurance the bearing will survive.